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// Copyright 2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.
//! Support for matching file paths against Unix shell style patterns.
//!
//! The `glob` and `glob_with` functions allow querying the filesystem for all
//! files that match a particular pattern (similar to the libc `glob` function).
//! The methods on the `Pattern` type provide functionality for checking if
//! individual paths match a particular pattern (similar to the libc `fnmatch`
//! function).
//!
//! For consistency across platforms, and for Windows support, this module
//! is implemented entirely in Rust rather than deferring to the libc
//! `glob`/`fnmatch` functions.
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! To print all jpg files in `/media/` and all of its subdirectories.
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! use glob::glob;
//!
//! for entry in glob("/media/**/*.jpg").expect("Failed to read glob pattern") {
//! match entry {
//! Ok(path) => println!("{:?}", path.display()),
//! Err(e) => println!("{:?}", e),
//! }
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! To print all files containing the letter "a", case insensitive, in a `local`
//! directory relative to the current working directory. This ignores errors
//! instead of printing them.
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! use glob::glob_with;
//! use glob::MatchOptions;
//!
//! let options = MatchOptions {
//! case_sensitive: false,
//! require_literal_separator: false,
//! require_literal_leading_dot: false,
//! };
//! for entry in glob_with("local/*a*", options).unwrap() {
//! if let Ok(path) = entry {
//! println!("{:?}", path.display())
//! }
//! }
//! ```
#
)]
#![deny(missing_docs)]
#[cfg(test)]
#[macro_use]
extern crate doc_comment;
#[cfg(test)]
doctest!("../README.md");
use std::cmp;
use std::error::Error;
use std::fmt;
use std::fs;
use std::io;
use std::path::{self, Component, Path, PathBuf};
use std::str::FromStr;
use CharSpecifier::{CharRange, SingleChar};
use MatchResult::{EntirePatternDoesntMatch, Match, SubPatternDoesntMatch};
use PatternToken::AnyExcept;
use PatternToken::{AnyChar, AnyRecursiveSequence, AnySequence, AnyWithin, Char};
/// An iterator that yields `Path`s from the filesystem that match a particular
/// pattern.
///
/// Note that it yields `GlobResult` in order to report any `IoErrors` that may
/// arise during iteration. If a directory matches but is unreadable,
/// thereby preventing its contents from being checked for matches, a
/// `GlobError` is returned to express this.
///
/// See the `glob` function for more details.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Paths {
dir_patterns: Vec<Pattern>,
require_dir: bool,
options: MatchOptions,
todo: Vec<Result<(PathBuf, usize), GlobError>>,
scope: Option<PathBuf>,
}
/// Return an iterator that produces all the `Path`s that match the given
/// pattern using default match options, which may be absolute or relative to
/// the current working directory.
///
/// This may return an error if the pattern is invalid.
///
/// This method uses the default match options and is equivalent to calling
/// `glob_with(pattern, MatchOptions::new())`. Use `glob_with` directly if you
/// want to use non-default match options.
///
/// When iterating, each result is a `GlobResult` which expresses the
/// possibility that there was an `IoError` when attempting to read the contents
/// of the matched path. In other words, each item returned by the iterator
/// will either be an `Ok(Path)` if the path matched, or an `Err(GlobError)` if
/// the path (partially) matched _but_ its contents could not be read in order
/// to determine if its contents matched.
///
/// See the `Paths` documentation for more information.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Consider a directory `/media/pictures` containing only the files
/// `kittens.jpg`, `puppies.jpg` and `hamsters.gif`:
///
/// ```rust,no_run
/// use glob::glob;
///
/// for entry in glob("/media/pictures/*.jpg").unwrap() {
/// match entry {
/// Ok(path) => println!("{:?}", path.display()),
///
/// // if the path matched but was unreadable,
/// // thereby preventing its contents from matching
/// Err(e) => println!("{:?}", e),
/// }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// The above code will print:
///
/// ```ignore
/// /media/pictures/kittens.jpg
/// /media/pictures/puppies.jpg
/// ```
///
/// If you want to ignore unreadable paths, you can use something like
/// `filter_map`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use glob::glob;
/// use std::result::Result;
///
/// for path in glob("/media/pictures/*.jpg").unwrap().filter_map(Result::ok) {
/// println!("{}", path.display());
/// }
/// ```
/// Paths are yielded in alphabetical order.
pub fn glob(pattern: &str) -> Result<Paths, PatternError> {
glob_with(pattern, MatchOptions::new())
}
/// Return an iterator that produces all the `Path`s that match the given
/// pattern using the specified match options, which may be absolute or relative
/// to the current working directory.
///
/// This may return an error if the pattern is invalid.
///
/// This function accepts Unix shell style patterns as described by
/// `Pattern::new(..)`. The options given are passed through unchanged to
/// `Pattern::matches_with(..)` with the exception that
/// `require_literal_separator` is always set to `true` regardless of the value
/// passed to this function.
///
/// Paths are yielded in alphabetical order.
pub fn glob_with(pattern: &str, options: MatchOptions) -> Result<Paths, PatternError> {
#[cfg(windows)]
fn check_windows_verbatim(p: &Path) -> bool {
match p.components().next() {
Some(Component::Prefix(ref p)) => p.kind().is_verbatim(),
_ => false,
}
}
#[cfg(not(windows))]
fn check_windows_verbatim(_: &Path) -> bool {
false
}
#[cfg(windows)]
fn to_scope(p: &Path) -> PathBuf {
// FIXME handle volume relative paths here
p.to_path_buf()
}
#[cfg(not(windows))]
fn to_scope(p: &Path) -> PathBuf {
p.to_path_buf()
}
// make sure that the pattern is valid first, else early return with error
if let Err(err) = Pattern::new(pattern) {
return Err(err);
}
let mut components = Path::new(pattern).components().peekable();
loop {
match components.peek() {
Some(&Component::Prefix(..)) | Some(&Component::RootDir) => {
components.next();
}
_ => break,
}
}
let rest = components.map(|s| s.as_os_str()).collect::<PathBuf>();
let normalized_pattern = Path::new(pattern).iter().collect::<PathBuf>();
let root_len = normalized_pattern.to_str().unwrap().len() - rest.to_str().unwrap().len();
let root = if root_len > 0 {
Some(Path::new(&pattern[..root_len]))
} else {
None
};
if root_len > 0 && check_windows_verbatim(root.unwrap()) {
// FIXME: How do we want to handle verbatim paths? I'm inclined to
// return nothing, since we can't very well find all UNC shares with a
// 1-letter server name.
return Ok(Paths {
dir_patterns: Vec::new(),
require_dir: false,
options,
todo: Vec::new(),
scope: None,
});
}
let scope = root.map_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("."), to_scope);
let mut dir_patterns = Vec::new();
let components =
pattern[cmp::min(root_len, pattern.len())..].split_terminator(path::is_separator);
for component in components {
dir_patterns.push(Pattern::new(component)?);
}
if root_len == pattern.len() {
dir_patterns.push(Pattern {
original: "".to_string(),
tokens: Vec::new(),
is_recursive: false,
});
}
let last_is_separator = pattern.chars().next_back().map(path::is_separator);
let require_dir = last_is_separator == Some(true);
let todo = Vec::new();
Ok(Paths {
dir_patterns,
require_dir,
options,
todo,
scope: Some(scope),
})
}
/// A glob iteration error.
///
/// This is typically returned when a particular path cannot be read
/// to determine if its contents match the glob pattern. This is possible
/// if the program lacks the appropriate permissions, for example.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct GlobError {
path: PathBuf,
error: io::Error,
}
impl GlobError {
/// The Path that the error corresponds to.
pub fn path(&self) -> &Path {
&self.path
}
/// The error in question.
pub fn error(&self) -> &io::Error {
&self.error
}
/// Consumes self, returning the _raw_ underlying `io::Error`
pub fn into_error(self) -> io::Error {
self.error
}
}
impl Error for GlobError {
#[allow(deprecated)]
fn description(&self) -> &str {
self.error.description()
}
#[allow(unknown_lints, bare_trait_objects)]
fn cause(&self) -> Option<&Error> {
Some(&self.error)
}
}
impl fmt::Display for GlobError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"attempting to read `{}` resulted in an error: {}",
self.path.display(),
self.error
)
}
}
fn is_dir(p: &Path) -> bool {
fs::metadata(p).map(|m| m.is_dir()).unwrap_or(false)
}
/// An alias for a glob iteration result.
///
/// This represents either a matched path or a glob iteration error,
/// such as failing to read a particular directory's contents.
pub type GlobResult = Result<PathBuf, GlobError>;
impl Iterator for Paths {
type Item = GlobResult;
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<GlobResult> {
// the todo buffer hasn't been initialized yet, so it's done at this
// point rather than in glob() so that the errors are unified that is,
// failing to fill the buffer is an iteration error construction of the
// iterator (i.e. glob()) only fails if it fails to compile the Pattern
if let Some(scope) = self.scope.take() {
if !self.dir_patterns.is_empty() {
// Shouldn't happen, but we're using -1 as a special index.
assert!(self.dir_patterns.len() < !0 as usize);
fill_todo(&mut self.todo, &self.dir_patterns, 0, &scope, self.options);
}
}
loop {
if self.dir_patterns.is_empty() || self.todo.is_empty() {
return None;
}
let (path, mut idx) = match self.todo.pop().unwrap() {
Ok(pair) => pair,
Err(e) => return Some(Err(e)),
};
// idx -1: was already checked by fill_todo, maybe path was '.' or
// '..' that we can't match here because of normalization.
if idx == !0 as usize {
if self.require_dir && !is_dir(&path) {
continue;
}
return Some(Ok(path));
}
if self.dir_patterns[idx].is_recursive {
let mut next = idx;
// collapse consecutive recursive patterns
while (next + 1) < self.dir_patterns.len()
&& self.dir_patterns[next + 1].is_recursive
{
next += 1;
}
if is_dir(&path) {
// the path is a directory, so it's a match
// push this directory's contents
fill_todo(
&mut self.todo,
&self.dir_patterns,
next,
&path,
self.options,
);
if next == self.dir_patterns.len() - 1 {
// pattern ends in recursive pattern, so return this
// directory as a result
return Some(Ok(path));
} else {
// advanced to the next pattern for this path
idx = next + 1;
}
} else if next == self.dir_patterns.len() - 1 {
// not a directory and it's the last pattern, meaning no
// match
continue;
} else {
// advanced to the next pattern for this path
idx = next + 1;
}
}
// not recursive, so match normally
if self.dir_patterns[idx].matches_with(
{
match path.file_name().and_then(|s| s.to_str()) {
// FIXME (#9639): How do we handle non-utf8 filenames?
// Ignore them for now; ideally we'd still match them
// against a *
None => continue,
Some(x) => x,
}
},
self.options,
) {
if idx == self.dir_patterns.len() - 1 {
// it is not possible for a pattern to match a directory
// *AND* its children so we don't need to check the
// children
if !self.require_dir || is_dir(&path) {
return Some(Ok(path));
}
} else {
fill_todo(
&mut self.todo,
&self.dir_patterns,
idx + 1,
&path,
self.options,
);
}
}
}
}
}
/// A pattern parsing error.
#[derive(Debug)]
#[allow(missing_copy_implementations)]
pub struct PatternError {
/// The approximate character index of where the error occurred.
pub pos: usize,
/// A message describing the error.
pub msg: &'static str,
}
impl Error for PatternError {
fn description(&self) -> &str {
self.msg
}
}
impl fmt::Display for PatternError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"Pattern syntax error near position {}: {}",
self.pos, self.msg
)
}
}
/// A compiled Unix shell style pattern.
///
/// - `?` matches any single character.
///
/// - `*` matches any (possibly empty) sequence of characters.
///
/// - `**` matches the current directory and arbitrary subdirectories. This
/// sequence **must** form a single path component, so both `**a` and `b**`
/// are invalid and will result in an error. A sequence of more than two
/// consecutive `*` characters is also invalid.
///
/// - `[...]` matches any character inside the brackets. Character sequences
/// can also specify ranges of characters, as ordered by Unicode, so e.g.
/// `[0-9]` specifies any character between 0 and 9 inclusive. An unclosed
/// bracket is invalid.
///
/// - `[!...]` is the negation of `[...]`, i.e. it matches any characters
/// **not** in the brackets.
///
/// - The metacharacters `?`, `*`, `[`, `]` can be matched by using brackets
/// (e.g. `[?]`). When a `]` occurs immediately following `[` or `[!` then it
/// is interpreted as being part of, rather then ending, the character set, so
/// `]` and NOT `]` can be matched by `[]]` and `[!]]` respectively. The `-`
/// character can be specified inside a character sequence pattern by placing
/// it at the start or the end, e.g. `[abc-]`.
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default, Debug)]
pub struct Pattern {
original: String,
tokens: Vec<PatternToken>,
is_recursive: bool,
}
/// Show the original glob pattern.
impl fmt::Display for Pattern {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
self.original.fmt(f)
}
}
impl FromStr for Pattern {
type Err = PatternError;
fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, PatternError> {
Self::new(s)
}
}
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Debug)]
enum PatternToken {
Char(char),
AnyChar,
AnySequence,
AnyRecursiveSequence,
AnyWithin(Vec<CharSpecifier>),
AnyExcept(Vec<CharSpecifier>),
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Debug)]
enum CharSpecifier {
SingleChar(char),
CharRange(char, char),
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
enum MatchResult {
Match,
SubPatternDoesntMatch,
EntirePatternDoesntMatch,
}
const ERROR_WILDCARDS: &str = "wildcards are either regular `*` or recursive `**`";
const ERROR_RECURSIVE_WILDCARDS: &str = "recursive wildcards must form a single path \
component";
const ERROR_INVALID_RANGE: &str = "invalid range pattern";
impl Pattern {
/// This function compiles Unix shell style patterns.
///
/// An invalid glob pattern will yield a `PatternError`.
pub fn new(pattern: &str) -> Result<Self, PatternError> {
let chars = pattern.chars().collect::<Vec<_>>();
let mut tokens = Vec::new();
let mut is_recursive = false;
let mut i = 0;
while i < chars.len() {
match chars[i] {
'?' => {
tokens.push(AnyChar);
i += 1;
}
'*' => {
let old = i;
while i < chars.len() && chars[i] == '*' {
i += 1;
}
let count = i - old;
if count > 2 {
return Err(PatternError {
pos: old + 2,
msg: ERROR_WILDCARDS,
});
} else if count == 2 {
// ** can only be an entire path component
// i.e. a/**/b is valid, but a**/b or a/**b is not
// invalid matches are treated literally
let is_valid = if i == 2 || path::is_separator(chars[i - count - 1]) {
// it ends in a '/'
if i < chars.len() && path::is_separator(chars[i]) {
i += 1;
true
// or the pattern ends here
// this enables the existing globbing mechanism
} else if i == chars.len() {
true
// `**` ends in non-separator
} else {
return Err(PatternError {
pos: i,
msg: ERROR_RECURSIVE_WILDCARDS,
});
}
// `**` begins with non-separator
} else {
return Err(PatternError {
pos: old - 1,
msg: ERROR_RECURSIVE_WILDCARDS,
});
};
if is_valid {
// collapse consecutive AnyRecursiveSequence to a
// single one
let tokens_len = tokens.len();
if !(tokens_len > 1 && tokens[tokens_len - 1] == AnyRecursiveSequence) {
is_recursive = true;
tokens.push(AnyRecursiveSequence);
}
}
} else {
tokens.push(AnySequence);
}
}
'[' => {
if i + 4 <= chars.len() && chars[i + 1] == '!' {
match chars[i + 3..].iter().position(|x| *x == ']') {
None => (),
Some(j) => {
let chars = &chars[i + 2..i + 3 + j];
let cs = parse_char_specifiers(chars);
tokens.push(AnyExcept(cs));
i += j + 4;
continue;
}
}
} else if i + 3 <= chars.len() && chars[i + 1] != '!' {
match chars[i + 2..].iter().position(|x| *x == ']') {
None => (),
Some(j) => {
let cs = parse_char_specifiers(&chars[i + 1..i + 2 + j]);
tokens.push(AnyWithin(cs));
i += j + 3;
continue;
}
}
}
// if we get here then this is not a valid range pattern
return Err(PatternError {
pos: i,
msg: ERROR_INVALID_RANGE,
});
}
c => {
tokens.push(Char(c));
i += 1;
}
}
}
Ok(Self {
tokens,
original: pattern.to_string(),
is_recursive,
})
}
/// Escape metacharacters within the given string by surrounding them in
/// brackets. The resulting string will, when compiled into a `Pattern`,
/// match the input string and nothing else.
pub fn escape(s: &str) -> String {
let mut escaped = String::new();
for c in s.chars() {
match c {
// note that ! does not need escaping because it is only special
// inside brackets
'?' | '*' | '[' | ']' => {
escaped.push('[');
escaped.push(c);
escaped.push(']');
}
c => {
escaped.push(c);
}
}
}
escaped
}
/// Return if the given `str` matches this `Pattern` using the default
/// match options (i.e. `MatchOptions::new()`).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use glob::Pattern;
///
/// assert!(Pattern::new("c?t").unwrap().matches("cat"));
/// assert!(Pattern::new("k[!e]tteh").unwrap().matches("kitteh"));
/// assert!(Pattern::new("d*g").unwrap().matches("doog"));
/// ```
pub fn matches(&self, str: &str) -> bool {
self.matches_with(str, MatchOptions::new())
}
/// Return if the given `Path`, when converted to a `str`, matches this
/// `Pattern` using the default match options (i.e. `MatchOptions::new()`).
pub fn matches_path(&self, path: &Path) -> bool {
// FIXME (#9639): This needs to handle non-utf8 paths
path.to_str().map_or(false, |s| self.matches(s))
}
/// Return if the given `str` matches this `Pattern` using the specified
/// match options.
pub fn matches_with(&self, str: &str, options: MatchOptions) -> bool {
self.matches_from(true, str.chars(), 0, options) == Match
}
/// Return if the given `Path`, when converted to a `str`, matches this
/// `Pattern` using the specified match options.
pub fn matches_path_with(&self, path: &Path, options: MatchOptions) -> bool {
// FIXME (#9639): This needs to handle non-utf8 paths
path.to_str()
.map_or(false, |s| self.matches_with(s, options))
}
/// Access the original glob pattern.
pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
&self.original
}
fn matches_from(
&self,
mut follows_separator: bool,
mut file: std::str::Chars,
i: usize,
options: MatchOptions,
) -> MatchResult {
for (ti, token) in self.tokens[i..].iter().enumerate() {
match *token {
AnySequence | AnyRecursiveSequence => {
// ** must be at the start.
debug_assert!(match *token {
AnyRecursiveSequence => follows_separator,
_ => true,
});
// Empty match
match self.matches_from(follows_separator, file.clone(), i + ti + 1, options) {
SubPatternDoesntMatch => (), // keep trying
m => return m,
};
while let Some(c) = file.next() {
if follows_separator && options.require_literal_leading_dot && c == '.' {
return SubPatternDoesntMatch;
}
follows_separator = path::is_separator(c);
match *token {
AnyRecursiveSequence if !follows_separator => continue,
AnySequence
if options.require_literal_separator && follows_separator =>
{
return SubPatternDoesntMatch
}
_ => (),
}
match self.matches_from(
follows_separator,
file.clone(),
i + ti + 1,
options,
) {
SubPatternDoesntMatch => (), // keep trying
m => return m,
}
}
}
_ => {
let c = match file.next() {
Some(c) => c,
None => return EntirePatternDoesntMatch,
};
let is_sep = path::is_separator(c);
if !match *token {
AnyChar | AnyWithin(..) | AnyExcept(..)
if (options.require_literal_separator && is_sep)
|| (follows_separator
&& options.require_literal_leading_dot
&& c == '.') =>
{
false
}
AnyChar => true,
AnyWithin(ref specifiers) => in_char_specifiers(&specifiers, c, options),
AnyExcept(ref specifiers) => !in_char_specifiers(&specifiers, c, options),
Char(c2) => chars_eq(c, c2, options.case_sensitive),
AnySequence | AnyRecursiveSequence => unreachable!(),
} {
return SubPatternDoesntMatch;
}
follows_separator = is_sep;
}
}
}
// Iter is fused.
if file.next().is_none() {
Match
} else {
SubPatternDoesntMatch
}
}
}
// Fills `todo` with paths under `path` to be matched by `patterns[idx]`,
// special-casing patterns to match `.` and `..`, and avoiding `readdir()`
// calls when there are no metacharacters in the pattern.
fn fill_todo(
todo: &mut Vec<Result<(PathBuf, usize), GlobError>>,
patterns: &[Pattern],
idx: usize,
path: &Path,
options: MatchOptions,
) {
// convert a pattern that's just many Char(_) to a string
fn pattern_as_str(pattern: &Pattern) -> Option<String> {
let mut s = String::new();
for token in &pattern.tokens {
match *token {
Char(c) => s.push(c),
_ => return None,
}
}
Some(s)
}
let add = |todo: &mut Vec<_>, next_path: PathBuf| {
if idx + 1 == patterns.len() {
// We know it's good, so don't make the iterator match this path
// against the pattern again. In particular, it can't match
// . or .. globs since these never show up as path components.
todo.push(Ok((next_path, !0 as usize)));
} else {
fill_todo(todo, patterns, idx + 1, &next_path, options);
}
};
let pattern = &patterns[idx];
let is_dir = is_dir(path);
let curdir = path == Path::new(".");
match pattern_as_str(pattern) {
Some(s) => {
// This pattern component doesn't have any metacharacters, so we
// don't need to read the current directory to know where to
// continue. So instead of passing control back to the iterator,
// we can just check for that one entry and potentially recurse
// right away.
let special = "." == s || ".." == s;
let next_path = if curdir {
PathBuf::from(s)
} else {
path.join(&s)
};
if (special && is_dir) || (!special && fs::metadata(&next_path).is_ok()) {
add(todo, next_path);
}
}
None if is_dir => {
let dirs = fs::read_dir(path).and_then(|d| {
d.map(|e| {
e.map(|e| {
if curdir {
PathBuf::from(e.path().file_name().unwrap())
} else {
e.path()
}
})
})
.collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
});
match dirs {
Ok(mut children) => {
children.sort_by(|p1, p2| p2.file_name().cmp(&p1.file_name()));
todo.extend(children.into_iter().map(|x| Ok((x, idx))));
// Matching the special directory entries . and .. that
// refer to the current and parent directory respectively
// requires that the pattern has a leading dot, even if the
// `MatchOptions` field `require_literal_leading_dot` is not
// set.
if !pattern.tokens.is_empty() && pattern.tokens[0] == Char('.') {
for &special in &[".", ".."] {
if pattern.matches_with(special, options) {
add(todo, path.join(special));
}
}
}
}
Err(e) => {
todo.push(Err(GlobError {
path: path.to_path_buf(),
error: e,
}));
}
}
}
None => {
// not a directory, nothing more to find
}
}
}
fn parse_char_specifiers(s: &[char]) -> Vec<CharSpecifier> {
let mut cs = Vec::new();
let mut i = 0;
while i < s.len() {
if i + 3 <= s.len() && s[i + 1] == '-' {
cs.push(CharRange(s[i], s[i + 2]));
i += 3;
} else {
cs.push(SingleChar(s[i]));
i += 1;
}
}
cs
}
fn in_char_specifiers(specifiers: &[CharSpecifier], c: char, options: MatchOptions) -> bool {
for &specifier in specifiers.iter() {
match specifier {
SingleChar(sc) => {
if chars_eq(c, sc, options.case_sensitive) {
return true;
}
}
CharRange(start, end) => {
// FIXME: work with non-ascii chars properly (issue #1347)
if !options.case_sensitive && c.is_ascii() && start.is_ascii() && end.is_ascii() {
let start = start.to_ascii_lowercase();
let end = end.to_ascii_lowercase();
let start_up = start.to_uppercase().next().unwrap();
let end_up = end.to_uppercase().next().unwrap();
// only allow case insensitive matching when
// both start and end are within a-z or A-Z
if start != start_up && end != end_up {
let c = c.to_ascii_lowercase();
if c >= start && c <= end {
return true;
}
}
}
if c >= start && c <= end {
return true;
}
}
}
}
false
}
/// A helper function to determine if two chars are (possibly case-insensitively) equal.
fn chars_eq(a: char, b: char, case_sensitive: bool) -> bool {
if cfg!(windows) && path::is_separator(a) && path::is_separator(b) {
true
} else if !case_sensitive && a.is_ascii() && b.is_ascii() {
// FIXME: work with non-ascii chars properly (issue #9084)
a.to_ascii_lowercase() == b.to_ascii_lowercase()
} else {
a == b
}
}
/// Configuration options to modify the behaviour of `Pattern::matches_with(..)`.
#[allow(missing_copy_implementations)]
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default)]
pub struct MatchOptions {
/// Whether or not patterns should be matched in a case-sensitive manner.
/// This currently only considers upper/lower case relationships between
/// ASCII characters, but in future this might be extended to work with
/// Unicode.
pub case_sensitive: bool,
/// Whether or not path-component separator characters (e.g. `/` on
/// Posix) must be matched by a literal `/`, rather than by `*` or `?` or
/// `[...]`.
pub require_literal_separator: bool,
/// Whether or not paths that contain components that start with a `.`
/// will require that `.` appears literally in the pattern; `*`, `?`, `**`,
/// or `[...]` will not match. This is useful because such files are
/// conventionally considered hidden on Unix systems and it might be
/// desirable to skip them when listing files.
pub require_literal_leading_dot: bool,
}
impl MatchOptions {
/// Constructs a new `MatchOptions` with default field values. This is used
/// when calling functions that do not take an explicit `MatchOptions`
/// parameter.
///
/// This function always returns this value:
///
/// ```rust,ignore
/// MatchOptions {
/// case_sensitive: true,
/// require_literal_separator: false,
/// require_literal_leading_dot: false
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Note
/// The behavior of this method doesn't match `default()`'s. This returns
/// `case_sensitive` as `true` while `default()` does it as `false`.
// FIXME: Consider unity the behavior with `default()` in a next major release.
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self {
case_sensitive: true,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use super::{glob, MatchOptions, Pattern};
use std::path::Path;
#[test]
fn test_pattern_from_str() {
assert!("a*b".parse::<Pattern>().unwrap().matches("a_b"));
assert!("a/**b".parse::<Pattern>().unwrap_err().pos == 4);
}
#[test]
fn test_wildcard_errors() {
assert!(Pattern::new("a/**b").unwrap_err().pos == 4);
assert!(Pattern::new("a/bc**").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("a/*****").unwrap_err().pos == 4);
assert!(Pattern::new("a/b**c**d").unwrap_err().pos == 2);
assert!(Pattern::new("a**b").unwrap_err().pos == 0);
}
#[test]
fn test_unclosed_bracket_errors() {
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[def").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[!def").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[!").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[d").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[!d").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[]").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[!]").unwrap_err().pos == 3);
}
#[test]
fn test_glob_errors() {
assert!(glob("a/**b").err().unwrap().pos == 4);
assert!(glob("abc[def").err().unwrap().pos == 3);
}
// this test assumes that there is a /root directory and that
// the user running this test is not root or otherwise doesn't
// have permission to read its contents
#[cfg(all(unix, not(target_os = "macos")))]
#[test]
fn test_iteration_errors() {
use std::io;
let mut iter = glob("/root/*").unwrap();
// GlobErrors shouldn't halt iteration
let next = iter.next();
assert!(next.is_some());
let err = next.unwrap();
assert!(err.is_err());
let err = err.err().unwrap();
assert!(err.path() == Path::new("/root"));
assert!(err.error().kind() == io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied);
}
#[test]
fn test_absolute_pattern() {
assert!(glob("/").unwrap().next().is_some());
assert!(glob("//").unwrap().next().is_some());
// assume that the filesystem is not empty!
assert!(glob("/*").unwrap().next().is_some());
#[cfg(not(windows))]
fn win() {}
#[cfg(windows)]
fn win() {
use std::env::current_dir;
use std::path::Component;
// check windows absolute paths with host/device components
let root_with_device = current_dir()
.ok()
.and_then(|p| {
match p.components().next().unwrap() {
Component::Prefix(prefix_component) => {
let path = Path::new(prefix_component.as_os_str());
path.join("*");
Some(path.to_path_buf())
}
_ => panic!("no prefix in this path"),
}
})
.unwrap();
// FIXME (#9639): This needs to handle non-utf8 paths
assert!(glob(root_with_device.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap())
.unwrap()
.next()
.is_some());
}
win()
}
#[test]
fn test_wildcards() {
assert!(Pattern::new("a*b").unwrap().matches("a_b"));
assert!(Pattern::new("a*b*c").unwrap().matches("abc"));
assert!(!Pattern::new("a*b*c").unwrap().matches("abcd"));
assert!(Pattern::new("a*b*c").unwrap().matches("a_b_c"));
assert!(Pattern::new("a*b*c").unwrap().matches("a___b___c"));
assert!(Pattern::new("abc*abc*abc")
.unwrap()
.matches("abcabcabcabcabcabcabc"));
assert!(!Pattern::new("abc*abc*abc")
.unwrap()
.matches("abcabcabcabcabcabcabca"));
assert!(Pattern::new("a*a*a*a*a*a*a*a*a")
.unwrap()
.matches("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"));
assert!(Pattern::new("a*b[xyz]c*d").unwrap().matches("abxcdbxcddd"));
}
#[test]
fn test_recursive_wildcards() {
let pat = Pattern::new("some/**/needle.txt").unwrap();
assert!(pat.matches("some/needle.txt"));
assert!(pat.matches("some/one/needle.txt"));
assert!(pat.matches("some/one/two/needle.txt"));
assert!(pat.matches("some/other/needle.txt"));
assert!(!pat.matches("some/other/notthis.txt"));
// a single ** should be valid, for globs
// Should accept anything
let pat = Pattern::new("**").unwrap();
assert!(pat.is_recursive);
assert!(pat.matches("abcde"));
assert!(pat.matches(""));
assert!(pat.matches(".asdf"));
assert!(pat.matches("/x/.asdf"));
// collapse consecutive wildcards
let pat = Pattern::new("some/**/**/needle.txt").unwrap();
assert!(pat.matches("some/needle.txt"));
assert!(pat.matches("some/one/needle.txt"));
assert!(pat.matches("some/one/two/needle.txt"));
assert!(pat.matches("some/other/needle.txt"));
assert!(!pat.matches("some/other/notthis.txt"));
// ** can begin the pattern
let pat = Pattern::new("**/test").unwrap();
assert!(pat.matches("one/two/test"));
assert!(pat.matches("one/test"));
assert!(pat.matches("test"));
// /** can begin the pattern
let pat = Pattern::new("/**/test").unwrap();
assert!(pat.matches("/one/two/test"));
assert!(pat.matches("/one/test"));
assert!(pat.matches("/test"));
assert!(!pat.matches("/one/notthis"));
assert!(!pat.matches("/notthis"));
// Only start sub-patterns on start of path segment.
let pat = Pattern::new("**/.*").unwrap();
assert!(pat.matches(".abc"));
assert!(pat.matches("abc/.abc"));
assert!(!pat.matches("ab.c"));
assert!(!pat.matches("abc/ab.c"));
}
#[test]
fn test_lots_of_files() {
// this is a good test because it touches lots of differently named files
glob("/*/*/*/*").unwrap().skip(10000).next();
}
#[test]
fn test_range_pattern() {
let pat = Pattern::new("a[0-9]b").unwrap();
for i in 0..10 {
assert!(pat.matches(&format!("a{}b", i)));
}
assert!(!pat.matches("a_b"));
let pat = Pattern::new("a[!0-9]b").unwrap();
for i in 0..10 {
assert!(!pat.matches(&format!("a{}b", i)));
}
assert!(pat.matches("a_b"));
let pats = ["[a-z123]", "[1a-z23]", "[123a-z]"];
for &p in pats.iter() {
let pat = Pattern::new(p).unwrap();
for c in "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".chars() {
assert!(pat.matches(&c.to_string()));
}
for c in "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ".chars() {
let options = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: false,
..MatchOptions::new()
};
assert!(pat.matches_with(&c.to_string(), options));
}
assert!(pat.matches("1"));
assert!(pat.matches("2"));
assert!(pat.matches("3"));
}
let pats = ["[abc-]", "[-abc]", "[a-c-]"];
for &p in pats.iter() {
let pat = Pattern::new(p).unwrap();
assert!(pat.matches("a"));
assert!(pat.matches("b"));
assert!(pat.matches("c"));
assert!(pat.matches("-"));
assert!(!pat.matches("d"));
}
let pat = Pattern::new("[2-1]").unwrap();
assert!(!pat.matches("1"));
assert!(!pat.matches("2"));
assert!(Pattern::new("[-]").unwrap().matches("-"));
assert!(!Pattern::new("[!-]").unwrap().matches("-"));
}
#[test]
fn test_pattern_matches() {
let txt_pat = Pattern::new("*hello.txt").unwrap();
assert!(txt_pat.matches("hello.txt"));
assert!(txt_pat.matches("gareth_says_hello.txt"));
assert!(txt_pat.matches("some/path/to/hello.txt"));
assert!(txt_pat.matches("some\\path\\to\\hello.txt"));
assert!(txt_pat.matches("/an/absolute/path/to/hello.txt"));
assert!(!txt_pat.matches("hello.txt-and-then-some"));
assert!(!txt_pat.matches("goodbye.txt"));
let dir_pat = Pattern::new("*some/path/to/hello.txt").unwrap();
assert!(dir_pat.matches("some/path/to/hello.txt"));
assert!(dir_pat.matches("a/bigger/some/path/to/hello.txt"));
assert!(!dir_pat.matches("some/path/to/hello.txt-and-then-some"));
assert!(!dir_pat.matches("some/other/path/to/hello.txt"));
}
#[test]
fn test_pattern_escape() {
let s = "_[_]_?_*_!_";
assert_eq!(Pattern::escape(s), "_[[]_[]]_[?]_[*]_!_".to_string());
assert!(Pattern::new(&Pattern::escape(s)).unwrap().matches(s));
}
#[test]
fn test_pattern_matches_case_insensitive() {
let pat = Pattern::new("aBcDeFg").unwrap();
let options = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: false,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
};
assert!(pat.matches_with("aBcDeFg", options));
assert!(pat.matches_with("abcdefg", options));
assert!(pat.matches_with("ABCDEFG", options));
assert!(pat.matches_with("AbCdEfG", options));
}
#[test]
fn test_pattern_matches_case_insensitive_range() {
let pat_within = Pattern::new("[a]").unwrap();
let pat_except = Pattern::new("[!a]").unwrap();
let options_case_insensitive = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: false,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
};
let options_case_sensitive = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: true,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
};
assert!(pat_within.matches_with("a", options_case_insensitive));
assert!(pat_within.matches_with("A", options_case_insensitive));
assert!(!pat_within.matches_with("A", options_case_sensitive));
assert!(!pat_except.matches_with("a", options_case_insensitive));
assert!(!pat_except.matches_with("A", options_case_insensitive));
assert!(pat_except.matches_with("A", options_case_sensitive));
}
#[test]
fn test_pattern_matches_require_literal_separator() {
let options_require_literal = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: true,
require_literal_separator: true,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
};
let options_not_require_literal = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: true,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
};
assert!(Pattern::new("abc/def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_require_literal));
assert!(!Pattern::new("abc?def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_require_literal));
assert!(!Pattern::new("abc*def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_require_literal));
assert!(!Pattern::new("abc[/]def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_require_literal));
assert!(Pattern::new("abc/def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_not_require_literal));
assert!(Pattern::new("abc?def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_not_require_literal));
assert!(Pattern::new("abc*def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_not_require_literal));
assert!(Pattern::new("abc[/]def")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("abc/def", options_not_require_literal));
}
#[test]
fn test_pattern_matches_require_literal_leading_dot() {
let options_require_literal_leading_dot = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: true,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: true,
};
let options_not_require_literal_leading_dot = MatchOptions {
case_sensitive: true,
require_literal_separator: false,
require_literal_leading_dot: false,
};
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new("*.txt")
.unwrap()
.matches_with(".hello.txt", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(!f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new(".*.*")
.unwrap()
.matches_with(".hello.txt", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new("aaa/bbb/*")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("aaa/bbb/.ccc", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(!f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new("aaa/bbb/*")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("aaa/bbb/c.c.c.", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new("aaa/bbb/.*")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("aaa/bbb/.ccc", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new("aaa/?bbb")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("aaa/.bbb", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(!f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| {
Pattern::new("aaa/[.]bbb")
.unwrap()
.matches_with("aaa/.bbb", options)
};
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(!f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
let f = |options| Pattern::new("**/*").unwrap().matches_with(".bbb", options);
assert!(f(options_not_require_literal_leading_dot));
assert!(!f(options_require_literal_leading_dot));
}
#[test]
fn test_matches_path() {
// on windows, (Path::new("a/b").as_str().unwrap() == "a\\b"), so this
// tests that / and \ are considered equivalent on windows
assert!(Pattern::new("a/b").unwrap().matches_path(&Path::new("a/b")));
}
#[test]
fn test_path_join() {
let pattern = Path::new("one").join(&Path::new("**/*.rs"));
assert!(Pattern::new(pattern.to_str().unwrap()).is_ok());
}
}