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/*
* jcarith.c
*
* This file was part of the Independent JPEG Group's software:
* Developed 1997-2009 by Guido Vollbeding.
* libjpeg-turbo Modifications:
* Copyright (C) 2015, 2018, 2021-2022, D. R. Commander.
* For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README.ijg
* file.
*
* This file contains portable arithmetic entropy encoding routines for JPEG
* (implementing Recommendation ITU-T T.81 | ISO/IEC 10918-1).
*
* Both sequential and progressive modes are supported in this single module.
*
* Suspension is not currently supported in this module.
*
* NOTE: All referenced figures are from
* Recommendation ITU-T T.81 (1992) | ISO/IEC 10918-1:1994.
*/
#define JPEG_INTERNALS
#include "jinclude.h"
#include "jpeglib.h"
/* Expanded entropy encoder object for arithmetic encoding. */
typedef struct {
struct jpeg_entropy_encoder pub; /* public fields */
JLONG c; /* C register, base of coding interval, layout as in sec. D.1.3 */
JLONG a; /* A register, normalized size of coding interval */
JLONG sc; /* counter for stacked 0xFF values which might overflow */
JLONG zc; /* counter for pending 0x00 output values which might *
* be discarded at the end ("Pacman" termination) */
int ct; /* bit shift counter, determines when next byte will be written */
int buffer; /* buffer for most recent output byte != 0xFF */
int last_dc_val[MAX_COMPS_IN_SCAN]; /* last DC coef for each component */
int dc_context[MAX_COMPS_IN_SCAN]; /* context index for DC conditioning */
unsigned int restarts_to_go; /* MCUs left in this restart interval */
int next_restart_num; /* next restart number to write (0-7) */
/* Pointers to statistics areas (these workspaces have image lifespan) */
unsigned char *dc_stats[NUM_ARITH_TBLS];
unsigned char *ac_stats[NUM_ARITH_TBLS];
/* Statistics bin for coding with fixed probability 0.5 */
unsigned char fixed_bin[4];
} arith_entropy_encoder;
typedef arith_entropy_encoder *arith_entropy_ptr;
/* The following two definitions specify the allocation chunk size
* for the statistics area.
* According to sections F.1.4.4.1.3 and F.1.4.4.2, we need at least
* 49 statistics bins for DC, and 245 statistics bins for AC coding.
*
* We use a compact representation with 1 byte per statistics bin,
* thus the numbers directly represent byte sizes.
* This 1 byte per statistics bin contains the meaning of the MPS
* (more probable symbol) in the highest bit (mask 0x80), and the
* index into the probability estimation state machine table
* in the lower bits (mask 0x7F).
*/
#define DC_STAT_BINS 64
#define AC_STAT_BINS 256
/* NOTE: Uncomment the following #define if you want to use the
* given formula for calculating the AC conditioning parameter Kx
* for spectral selection progressive coding in section G.1.3.2
* of the spec (Kx = Kmin + SRL (8 + Se - Kmin) 4).
* Although the spec and P&M authors claim that this "has proven
* to give good results for 8 bit precision samples", I'm not
* convinced yet that this is really beneficial.
* Early tests gave only very marginal compression enhancements
* (a few - around 5 or so - bytes even for very large files),
* which would turn out rather negative if we'd suppress the
* DAC (Define Arithmetic Conditioning) marker segments for
* the default parameters in the future.
* Note that currently the marker writing module emits 12-byte
* DAC segments for a full-component scan in a color image.
* This is not worth worrying about IMHO. However, since the
* spec defines the default values to be used if the tables
* are omitted (unlike Huffman tables, which are required
* anyway), one might optimize this behaviour in the future,
* and then it would be disadvantageous to use custom tables if
* they don't provide sufficient gain to exceed the DAC size.
*
* On the other hand, I'd consider it as a reasonable result
* that the conditioning has no significant influence on the
* compression performance. This means that the basic
* statistical model is already rather stable.
*
* Thus, at the moment, we use the default conditioning values
* anyway, and do not use the custom formula.
*
#define CALCULATE_SPECTRAL_CONDITIONING
*/
/* IRIGHT_SHIFT is like RIGHT_SHIFT, but works on int rather than JLONG.
* We assume that int right shift is unsigned if JLONG right shift is,
* which should be safe.
*/
#ifdef RIGHT_SHIFT_IS_UNSIGNED
#define ISHIFT_TEMPS int ishift_temp;
#define IRIGHT_SHIFT(x, shft) \
((ishift_temp = (x)) < 0 ? \
(ishift_temp >> (shft)) | ((~0) << (16 - (shft))) : \
(ishift_temp >> (shft)))
#else
#define ISHIFT_TEMPS
#define IRIGHT_SHIFT(x, shft) ((x) >> (shft))
#endif
LOCAL(void)
emit_byte(int val, j_compress_ptr cinfo)
/* Write next output byte; we do not support suspension in this module. */
{
struct jpeg_destination_mgr *dest = cinfo->dest;
*dest->next_output_byte++ = (JOCTET)val;
if (--dest->free_in_buffer == 0)
if (!(*dest->empty_output_buffer) (cinfo))
ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_CANT_SUSPEND);
}
/*
* Finish up at the end of an arithmetic-compressed scan.
*/
METHODDEF(void)
finish_pass(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
{
arith_entropy_ptr e = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
JLONG temp;
/* Section D.1.8: Termination of encoding */
/* Find the e->c in the coding interval with the largest
* number of trailing zero bits */
if ((temp = (e->a - 1 + e->c) & 0xFFFF0000UL) < e->c)
e->c = temp + 0x8000L;
else
e->c = temp;
/* Send remaining bytes to output */
e->c <<= e->ct;
if (e->c & 0xF8000000UL) {
/* One final overflow has to be handled */
if (e->buffer >= 0) {
if (e->zc)
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
emit_byte(e->buffer + 1, cinfo);
if (e->buffer + 1 == 0xFF)
emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
}
e->zc += e->sc; /* carry-over converts stacked 0xFF bytes to 0x00 */
e->sc = 0;
} else {
if (e->buffer == 0)
++e->zc;
else if (e->buffer >= 0) {
if (e->zc)
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
emit_byte(e->buffer, cinfo);
}
if (e->sc) {
if (e->zc)
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
do {
emit_byte(0xFF, cinfo);
emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
} while (--e->sc);
}
}
/* Output final bytes only if they are not 0x00 */
if (e->c & 0x7FFF800L) {
if (e->zc) /* output final pending zero bytes */
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
emit_byte((e->c >> 19) & 0xFF, cinfo);
if (((e->c >> 19) & 0xFF) == 0xFF)
emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
if (e->c & 0x7F800L) {
emit_byte((e->c >> 11) & 0xFF, cinfo);
if (((e->c >> 11) & 0xFF) == 0xFF)
emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
}
}
}
/*
* The core arithmetic encoding routine (common in JPEG and JBIG).
* This needs to go as fast as possible.
* Machine-dependent optimization facilities
* are not utilized in this portable implementation.
* However, this code should be fairly efficient and
* may be a good base for further optimizations anyway.
*
* Parameter 'val' to be encoded may be 0 or 1 (binary decision).
*
* Note: I've added full "Pacman" termination support to the
* byte output routines, which is equivalent to the optional
* Discard_final_zeros procedure (Figure D.15) in the spec.
* Thus, we always produce the shortest possible output
* stream compliant to the spec (no trailing zero bytes,
* except for FF stuffing).
*
* I've also introduced a new scheme for accessing
* the probability estimation state machine table,
* derived from Markus Kuhn's JBIG implementation.
*/
LOCAL(void)
arith_encode(j_compress_ptr cinfo, unsigned char *st, int val)
{
register arith_entropy_ptr e = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
register unsigned char nl, nm;
register JLONG qe, temp;
register int sv;
/* Fetch values from our compact representation of Table D.2:
* Qe values and probability estimation state machine
*/
sv = *st;
qe = jpeg_aritab[sv & 0x7F]; /* => Qe_Value */
nl = qe & 0xFF; qe >>= 8; /* Next_Index_LPS + Switch_MPS */
nm = qe & 0xFF; qe >>= 8; /* Next_Index_MPS */
/* Encode & estimation procedures per sections D.1.4 & D.1.5 */
e->a -= qe;
if (val != (sv >> 7)) {
/* Encode the less probable symbol */
if (e->a >= qe) {
/* If the interval size (qe) for the less probable symbol (LPS)
* is larger than the interval size for the MPS, then exchange
* the two symbols for coding efficiency, otherwise code the LPS
* as usual: */
e->c += e->a;
e->a = qe;
}
*st = (sv & 0x80) ^ nl; /* Estimate_after_LPS */
} else {
/* Encode the more probable symbol */
if (e->a >= 0x8000L)
return; /* A >= 0x8000 -> ready, no renormalization required */
if (e->a < qe) {
/* If the interval size (qe) for the less probable symbol (LPS)
* is larger than the interval size for the MPS, then exchange
* the two symbols for coding efficiency: */
e->c += e->a;
e->a = qe;
}
*st = (sv & 0x80) ^ nm; /* Estimate_after_MPS */
}
/* Renormalization & data output per section D.1.6 */
do {
e->a <<= 1;
e->c <<= 1;
if (--e->ct == 0) {
/* Another byte is ready for output */
temp = e->c >> 19;
if (temp > 0xFF) {
/* Handle overflow over all stacked 0xFF bytes */
if (e->buffer >= 0) {
if (e->zc)
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
emit_byte(e->buffer + 1, cinfo);
if (e->buffer + 1 == 0xFF)
emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
}
e->zc += e->sc; /* carry-over converts stacked 0xFF bytes to 0x00 */
e->sc = 0;
/* Note: The 3 spacer bits in the C register guarantee
* that the new buffer byte can't be 0xFF here
* (see page 160 in the P&M JPEG book). */
e->buffer = temp & 0xFF; /* new output byte, might overflow later */
} else if (temp == 0xFF) {
++e->sc; /* stack 0xFF byte (which might overflow later) */
} else {
/* Output all stacked 0xFF bytes, they will not overflow any more */
if (e->buffer == 0)
++e->zc;
else if (e->buffer >= 0) {
if (e->zc)
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
emit_byte(e->buffer, cinfo);
}
if (e->sc) {
if (e->zc)
do emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
while (--e->zc);
do {
emit_byte(0xFF, cinfo);
emit_byte(0x00, cinfo);
} while (--e->sc);
}
e->buffer = temp & 0xFF; /* new output byte (can still overflow) */
}
e->c &= 0x7FFFFL;
e->ct += 8;
}
} while (e->a < 0x8000L);
}
/*
* Emit a restart marker & resynchronize predictions.
*/
LOCAL(void)
emit_restart(j_compress_ptr cinfo, int restart_num)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
int ci;
jpeg_component_info *compptr;
finish_pass(cinfo);
emit_byte(0xFF, cinfo);
emit_byte(JPEG_RST0 + restart_num, cinfo);
/* Re-initialize statistics areas */
for (ci = 0; ci < cinfo->comps_in_scan; ci++) {
compptr = cinfo->cur_comp_info[ci];
/* DC needs no table for refinement scan */
if (cinfo->progressive_mode == 0 || (cinfo->Ss == 0 && cinfo->Ah == 0)) {
memset(entropy->dc_stats[compptr->dc_tbl_no], 0, DC_STAT_BINS);
/* Reset DC predictions to 0 */
entropy->last_dc_val[ci] = 0;
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 0;
}
/* AC needs no table when not present */
if (cinfo->progressive_mode == 0 || cinfo->Se) {
memset(entropy->ac_stats[compptr->ac_tbl_no], 0, AC_STAT_BINS);
}
}
/* Reset arithmetic encoding variables */
entropy->c = 0;
entropy->a = 0x10000L;
entropy->sc = 0;
entropy->zc = 0;
entropy->ct = 11;
entropy->buffer = -1; /* empty */
}
/*
* MCU encoding for DC initial scan (either spectral selection,
* or first pass of successive approximation).
*/
METHODDEF(boolean)
encode_mcu_DC_first(j_compress_ptr cinfo, JBLOCKROW *MCU_data)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
JBLOCKROW block;
unsigned char *st;
int blkn, ci, tbl;
int v, v2, m;
ISHIFT_TEMPS
/* Emit restart marker if needed */
if (cinfo->restart_interval) {
if (entropy->restarts_to_go == 0) {
emit_restart(cinfo, entropy->next_restart_num);
entropy->restarts_to_go = cinfo->restart_interval;
entropy->next_restart_num++;
entropy->next_restart_num &= 7;
}
entropy->restarts_to_go--;
}
/* Encode the MCU data blocks */
for (blkn = 0; blkn < cinfo->blocks_in_MCU; blkn++) {
block = MCU_data[blkn];
ci = cinfo->MCU_membership[blkn];
tbl = cinfo->cur_comp_info[ci]->dc_tbl_no;
/* Compute the DC value after the required point transform by Al.
* This is simply an arithmetic right shift.
*/
m = IRIGHT_SHIFT((int)((*block)[0]), cinfo->Al);
/* Sections F.1.4.1 & F.1.4.4.1: Encoding of DC coefficients */
/* Table F.4: Point to statistics bin S0 for DC coefficient coding */
st = entropy->dc_stats[tbl] + entropy->dc_context[ci];
/* Figure F.4: Encode_DC_DIFF */
if ((v = m - entropy->last_dc_val[ci]) == 0) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0);
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 0; /* zero diff category */
} else {
entropy->last_dc_val[ci] = m;
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
/* Figure F.6: Encoding nonzero value v */
/* Figure F.7: Encoding the sign of v */
if (v > 0) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 0); /* Table F.4: SS = S0 + 1 */
st += 2; /* Table F.4: SP = S0 + 2 */
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 4; /* small positive diff category */
} else {
v = -v;
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1); /* Table F.4: SS = S0 + 1 */
st += 3; /* Table F.4: SN = S0 + 3 */
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 8; /* small negative diff category */
}
/* Figure F.8: Encoding the magnitude category of v */
m = 0;
if (v -= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m = 1;
v2 = v;
st = entropy->dc_stats[tbl] + 20; /* Table F.4: X1 = 20 */
while (v2 >>= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m <<= 1;
st += 1;
}
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0);
/* Section F.1.4.4.1.2: Establish dc_context conditioning category */
if (m < (int)((1L << cinfo->arith_dc_L[tbl]) >> 1))
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 0; /* zero diff category */
else if (m > (int)((1L << cinfo->arith_dc_U[tbl]) >> 1))
entropy->dc_context[ci] += 8; /* large diff category */
/* Figure F.9: Encoding the magnitude bit pattern of v */
st += 14;
while (m >>= 1)
arith_encode(cinfo, st, (m & v) ? 1 : 0);
}
}
return TRUE;
}
/*
* MCU encoding for AC initial scan (either spectral selection,
* or first pass of successive approximation).
*/
METHODDEF(boolean)
encode_mcu_AC_first(j_compress_ptr cinfo, JBLOCKROW *MCU_data)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
JBLOCKROW block;
unsigned char *st;
int tbl, k, ke;
int v, v2, m;
/* Emit restart marker if needed */
if (cinfo->restart_interval) {
if (entropy->restarts_to_go == 0) {
emit_restart(cinfo, entropy->next_restart_num);
entropy->restarts_to_go = cinfo->restart_interval;
entropy->next_restart_num++;
entropy->next_restart_num &= 7;
}
entropy->restarts_to_go--;
}
/* Encode the MCU data block */
block = MCU_data[0];
tbl = cinfo->cur_comp_info[0]->ac_tbl_no;
/* Sections F.1.4.2 & F.1.4.4.2: Encoding of AC coefficients */
/* Establish EOB (end-of-block) index */
for (ke = cinfo->Se; ke > 0; ke--)
/* We must apply the point transform by Al. For AC coefficients this
* is an integer division with rounding towards 0. To do this portably
* in C, we shift after obtaining the absolute value.
*/
if ((v = (*block)[jpeg_natural_order[ke]]) >= 0) {
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) break;
} else {
v = -v;
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) break;
}
/* Figure F.5: Encode_AC_Coefficients */
for (k = cinfo->Ss; k <= ke; k++) {
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] + 3 * (k - 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0); /* EOB decision */
for (;;) {
if ((v = (*block)[jpeg_natural_order[k]]) >= 0) {
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, entropy->fixed_bin, 0);
break;
}
} else {
v = -v;
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, entropy->fixed_bin, 1);
break;
}
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 0); st += 3; k++;
}
st += 2;
/* Figure F.8: Encoding the magnitude category of v */
m = 0;
if (v -= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m = 1;
v2 = v;
if (v2 >>= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m <<= 1;
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] +
(k <= cinfo->arith_ac_K[tbl] ? 189 : 217);
while (v2 >>= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m <<= 1;
st += 1;
}
}
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0);
/* Figure F.9: Encoding the magnitude bit pattern of v */
st += 14;
while (m >>= 1)
arith_encode(cinfo, st, (m & v) ? 1 : 0);
}
/* Encode EOB decision only if k <= cinfo->Se */
if (k <= cinfo->Se) {
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] + 3 * (k - 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
}
return TRUE;
}
/*
* MCU encoding for DC successive approximation refinement scan.
*/
METHODDEF(boolean)
encode_mcu_DC_refine(j_compress_ptr cinfo, JBLOCKROW *MCU_data)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
unsigned char *st;
int Al, blkn;
/* Emit restart marker if needed */
if (cinfo->restart_interval) {
if (entropy->restarts_to_go == 0) {
emit_restart(cinfo, entropy->next_restart_num);
entropy->restarts_to_go = cinfo->restart_interval;
entropy->next_restart_num++;
entropy->next_restart_num &= 7;
}
entropy->restarts_to_go--;
}
st = entropy->fixed_bin; /* use fixed probability estimation */
Al = cinfo->Al;
/* Encode the MCU data blocks */
for (blkn = 0; blkn < cinfo->blocks_in_MCU; blkn++) {
/* We simply emit the Al'th bit of the DC coefficient value. */
arith_encode(cinfo, st, (MCU_data[blkn][0][0] >> Al) & 1);
}
return TRUE;
}
/*
* MCU encoding for AC successive approximation refinement scan.
*/
METHODDEF(boolean)
encode_mcu_AC_refine(j_compress_ptr cinfo, JBLOCKROW *MCU_data)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
JBLOCKROW block;
unsigned char *st;
int tbl, k, ke, kex;
int v;
/* Emit restart marker if needed */
if (cinfo->restart_interval) {
if (entropy->restarts_to_go == 0) {
emit_restart(cinfo, entropy->next_restart_num);
entropy->restarts_to_go = cinfo->restart_interval;
entropy->next_restart_num++;
entropy->next_restart_num &= 7;
}
entropy->restarts_to_go--;
}
/* Encode the MCU data block */
block = MCU_data[0];
tbl = cinfo->cur_comp_info[0]->ac_tbl_no;
/* Section G.1.3.3: Encoding of AC coefficients */
/* Establish EOB (end-of-block) index */
for (ke = cinfo->Se; ke > 0; ke--)
/* We must apply the point transform by Al. For AC coefficients this
* is an integer division with rounding towards 0. To do this portably
* in C, we shift after obtaining the absolute value.
*/
if ((v = (*block)[jpeg_natural_order[ke]]) >= 0) {
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) break;
} else {
v = -v;
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) break;
}
/* Establish EOBx (previous stage end-of-block) index */
for (kex = ke; kex > 0; kex--)
if ((v = (*block)[jpeg_natural_order[kex]]) >= 0) {
if (v >>= cinfo->Ah) break;
} else {
v = -v;
if (v >>= cinfo->Ah) break;
}
/* Figure G.10: Encode_AC_Coefficients_SA */
for (k = cinfo->Ss; k <= ke; k++) {
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] + 3 * (k - 1);
if (k > kex)
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0); /* EOB decision */
for (;;) {
if ((v = (*block)[jpeg_natural_order[k]]) >= 0) {
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) {
if (v >> 1) /* previously nonzero coef */
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 2, (v & 1));
else { /* newly nonzero coef */
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, entropy->fixed_bin, 0);
}
break;
}
} else {
v = -v;
if (v >>= cinfo->Al) {
if (v >> 1) /* previously nonzero coef */
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 2, (v & 1));
else { /* newly nonzero coef */
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, entropy->fixed_bin, 1);
}
break;
}
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 0); st += 3; k++;
}
}
/* Encode EOB decision only if k <= cinfo->Se */
if (k <= cinfo->Se) {
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] + 3 * (k - 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
}
return TRUE;
}
/*
* Encode and output one MCU's worth of arithmetic-compressed coefficients.
*/
METHODDEF(boolean)
encode_mcu(j_compress_ptr cinfo, JBLOCKROW *MCU_data)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
jpeg_component_info *compptr;
JBLOCKROW block;
unsigned char *st;
int blkn, ci, tbl, k, ke;
int v, v2, m;
/* Emit restart marker if needed */
if (cinfo->restart_interval) {
if (entropy->restarts_to_go == 0) {
emit_restart(cinfo, entropy->next_restart_num);
entropy->restarts_to_go = cinfo->restart_interval;
entropy->next_restart_num++;
entropy->next_restart_num &= 7;
}
entropy->restarts_to_go--;
}
/* Encode the MCU data blocks */
for (blkn = 0; blkn < cinfo->blocks_in_MCU; blkn++) {
block = MCU_data[blkn];
ci = cinfo->MCU_membership[blkn];
compptr = cinfo->cur_comp_info[ci];
/* Sections F.1.4.1 & F.1.4.4.1: Encoding of DC coefficients */
tbl = compptr->dc_tbl_no;
/* Table F.4: Point to statistics bin S0 for DC coefficient coding */
st = entropy->dc_stats[tbl] + entropy->dc_context[ci];
/* Figure F.4: Encode_DC_DIFF */
if ((v = (*block)[0] - entropy->last_dc_val[ci]) == 0) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0);
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 0; /* zero diff category */
} else {
entropy->last_dc_val[ci] = (*block)[0];
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
/* Figure F.6: Encoding nonzero value v */
/* Figure F.7: Encoding the sign of v */
if (v > 0) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 0); /* Table F.4: SS = S0 + 1 */
st += 2; /* Table F.4: SP = S0 + 2 */
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 4; /* small positive diff category */
} else {
v = -v;
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1); /* Table F.4: SS = S0 + 1 */
st += 3; /* Table F.4: SN = S0 + 3 */
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 8; /* small negative diff category */
}
/* Figure F.8: Encoding the magnitude category of v */
m = 0;
if (v -= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m = 1;
v2 = v;
st = entropy->dc_stats[tbl] + 20; /* Table F.4: X1 = 20 */
while (v2 >>= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m <<= 1;
st += 1;
}
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0);
/* Section F.1.4.4.1.2: Establish dc_context conditioning category */
if (m < (int)((1L << cinfo->arith_dc_L[tbl]) >> 1))
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 0; /* zero diff category */
else if (m > (int)((1L << cinfo->arith_dc_U[tbl]) >> 1))
entropy->dc_context[ci] += 8; /* large diff category */
/* Figure F.9: Encoding the magnitude bit pattern of v */
st += 14;
while (m >>= 1)
arith_encode(cinfo, st, (m & v) ? 1 : 0);
}
/* Sections F.1.4.2 & F.1.4.4.2: Encoding of AC coefficients */
tbl = compptr->ac_tbl_no;
/* Establish EOB (end-of-block) index */
for (ke = DCTSIZE2 - 1; ke > 0; ke--)
if ((*block)[jpeg_natural_order[ke]]) break;
/* Figure F.5: Encode_AC_Coefficients */
for (k = 1; k <= ke; k++) {
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] + 3 * (k - 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0); /* EOB decision */
while ((v = (*block)[jpeg_natural_order[k]]) == 0) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 0); st += 3; k++;
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st + 1, 1);
/* Figure F.6: Encoding nonzero value v */
/* Figure F.7: Encoding the sign of v */
if (v > 0) {
arith_encode(cinfo, entropy->fixed_bin, 0);
} else {
v = -v;
arith_encode(cinfo, entropy->fixed_bin, 1);
}
st += 2;
/* Figure F.8: Encoding the magnitude category of v */
m = 0;
if (v -= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m = 1;
v2 = v;
if (v2 >>= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m <<= 1;
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] +
(k <= cinfo->arith_ac_K[tbl] ? 189 : 217);
while (v2 >>= 1) {
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
m <<= 1;
st += 1;
}
}
}
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 0);
/* Figure F.9: Encoding the magnitude bit pattern of v */
st += 14;
while (m >>= 1)
arith_encode(cinfo, st, (m & v) ? 1 : 0);
}
/* Encode EOB decision only if k <= DCTSIZE2 - 1 */
if (k <= DCTSIZE2 - 1) {
st = entropy->ac_stats[tbl] + 3 * (k - 1);
arith_encode(cinfo, st, 1);
}
}
return TRUE;
}
/*
* Initialize for an arithmetic-compressed scan.
*/
METHODDEF(void)
start_pass(j_compress_ptr cinfo, boolean gather_statistics)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)cinfo->entropy;
int ci, tbl;
jpeg_component_info *compptr;
if (gather_statistics)
/* Make sure to avoid that in the master control logic!
* We are fully adaptive here and need no extra
* statistics gathering pass!
*/
ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_NOTIMPL);
/* We assume jcmaster.c already validated the progressive scan parameters. */
/* Select execution routines */
if (cinfo->progressive_mode) {
if (cinfo->Ah == 0) {
if (cinfo->Ss == 0)
entropy->pub.encode_mcu = encode_mcu_DC_first;
else
entropy->pub.encode_mcu = encode_mcu_AC_first;
} else {
if (cinfo->Ss == 0)
entropy->pub.encode_mcu = encode_mcu_DC_refine;
else
entropy->pub.encode_mcu = encode_mcu_AC_refine;
}
} else
entropy->pub.encode_mcu = encode_mcu;
/* Allocate & initialize requested statistics areas */
for (ci = 0; ci < cinfo->comps_in_scan; ci++) {
compptr = cinfo->cur_comp_info[ci];
/* DC needs no table for refinement scan */
if (cinfo->progressive_mode == 0 || (cinfo->Ss == 0 && cinfo->Ah == 0)) {
tbl = compptr->dc_tbl_no;
if (tbl < 0 || tbl >= NUM_ARITH_TBLS)
ERREXIT1(cinfo, JERR_NO_ARITH_TABLE, tbl);
if (entropy->dc_stats[tbl] == NULL)
entropy->dc_stats[tbl] = (unsigned char *)(*cinfo->mem->alloc_small)
((j_common_ptr)cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, DC_STAT_BINS);
memset(entropy->dc_stats[tbl], 0, DC_STAT_BINS);
/* Initialize DC predictions to 0 */
entropy->last_dc_val[ci] = 0;
entropy->dc_context[ci] = 0;
}
/* AC needs no table when not present */
if (cinfo->progressive_mode == 0 || cinfo->Se) {
tbl = compptr->ac_tbl_no;
if (tbl < 0 || tbl >= NUM_ARITH_TBLS)
ERREXIT1(cinfo, JERR_NO_ARITH_TABLE, tbl);
if (entropy->ac_stats[tbl] == NULL)
entropy->ac_stats[tbl] = (unsigned char *)(*cinfo->mem->alloc_small)
((j_common_ptr)cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, AC_STAT_BINS);
memset(entropy->ac_stats[tbl], 0, AC_STAT_BINS);
#ifdef CALCULATE_SPECTRAL_CONDITIONING
if (cinfo->progressive_mode)
/* Section G.1.3.2: Set appropriate arithmetic conditioning value Kx */
cinfo->arith_ac_K[tbl] = cinfo->Ss +
((8 + cinfo->Se - cinfo->Ss) >> 4);
#endif
}
}
/* Initialize arithmetic encoding variables */
entropy->c = 0;
entropy->a = 0x10000L;
entropy->sc = 0;
entropy->zc = 0;
entropy->ct = 11;
entropy->buffer = -1; /* empty */
/* Initialize restart stuff */
entropy->restarts_to_go = cinfo->restart_interval;
entropy->next_restart_num = 0;
}
/*
* Module initialization routine for arithmetic entropy encoding.
*/
GLOBAL(void)
jinit_arith_encoder(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
{
arith_entropy_ptr entropy;
int i;
entropy = (arith_entropy_ptr)
(*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr)cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE,
sizeof(arith_entropy_encoder));
cinfo->entropy = (struct jpeg_entropy_encoder *)entropy;
entropy->pub.start_pass = start_pass;
entropy->pub.finish_pass = finish_pass;
/* Mark tables unallocated */
for (i = 0; i < NUM_ARITH_TBLS; i++) {
entropy->dc_stats[i] = NULL;
entropy->ac_stats[i] = NULL;
}
/* Initialize index for fixed probability estimation */
entropy->fixed_bin[0] = 113;
}