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#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "full"), allow(dead_code))]
//! Yield points for improved cooperative scheduling.
//!
//! Documentation for this can be found in the [`tokio::task`] module.
//!
//! [`tokio::task`]: crate::task.
// ```ignore
// # use tokio_stream::{Stream, StreamExt};
// async fn drop_all<I: Stream + Unpin>(mut input: I) {
// while let Some(_) = input.next().await {
// tokio::coop::proceed().await;
// }
// }
// ```
//
// The `proceed` future will coordinate with the executor to make sure that
// every so often control is yielded back to the executor so it can run other
// tasks.
//
// # Placing yield points
//
// Voluntary yield points should be placed _after_ at least some work has been
// done. If they are not, a future sufficiently deep in the task hierarchy may
// end up _never_ getting to run because of the number of yield points that
// inevitably appear before it is reached. In general, you will want yield
// points to only appear in "leaf" futures -- those that do not themselves poll
// other futures. By doing this, you avoid double-counting each iteration of
// the outer future against the cooperating budget.
use crate::runtime::context;
/// Opaque type tracking the amount of "work" a task may still do before
/// yielding back to the scheduler.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct Budget(Option<u8>);
pub(crate) struct BudgetDecrement {
success: bool,
hit_zero: bool,
}
impl Budget {
/// Budget assigned to a task on each poll.
///
/// The value itself is chosen somewhat arbitrarily. It needs to be high
/// enough to amortize wakeup and scheduling costs, but low enough that we
/// do not starve other tasks for too long. The value also needs to be high
/// enough that particularly deep tasks are able to do at least some useful
/// work at all.
///
/// Note that as more yield points are added in the ecosystem, this value
/// will probably also have to be raised.
const fn initial() -> Budget {
Budget(Some(128))
}
/// Returns an unconstrained budget. Operations will not be limited.
pub(super) const fn unconstrained() -> Budget {
Budget(None)
}
fn has_remaining(self) -> bool {
self.0.map_or(true, |budget| budget > 0)
}
}
/// Runs the given closure with a cooperative task budget. When the function
/// returns, the budget is reset to the value prior to calling the function.
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn budget<R>(f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
with_budget(Budget::initial(), f)
}
/// Runs the given closure with an unconstrained task budget. When the function returns, the budget
/// is reset to the value prior to calling the function.
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn with_unconstrained<R>(f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
with_budget(Budget::unconstrained(), f)
}
#[inline(always)]
fn with_budget<R>(budget: Budget, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
struct ResetGuard {
prev: Budget,
}
impl Drop for ResetGuard {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let _ = context::budget(|cell| {
cell.set(self.prev);
});
}
}
#[allow(unused_variables)]
let maybe_guard = context::budget(|cell| {
let prev = cell.get();
cell.set(budget);
ResetGuard { prev }
});
// The function is called regardless even if the budget is not successfully
// set due to the thread-local being destroyed.
f()
}
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn has_budget_remaining() -> bool {
// If the current budget cannot be accessed due to the thread-local being
// shutdown, then we assume there is budget remaining.
context::budget(|cell| cell.get().has_remaining()).unwrap_or(true)
}
cfg_rt_multi_thread! {
/// Sets the current task's budget.
pub(crate) fn set(budget: Budget) {
let _ = context::budget(|cell| cell.set(budget));
}
}
cfg_rt! {
/// Forcibly removes the budgeting constraints early.
///
/// Returns the remaining budget
pub(crate) fn stop() -> Budget {
context::budget(|cell| {
let prev = cell.get();
cell.set(Budget::unconstrained());
prev
}).unwrap_or(Budget::unconstrained())
}
}
cfg_coop! {
use std::cell::Cell;
use std::task::{Context, Poll};
#[must_use]
pub(crate) struct RestoreOnPending(Cell<Budget>);
impl RestoreOnPending {
pub(crate) fn made_progress(&self) {
self.0.set(Budget::unconstrained());
}
}
impl Drop for RestoreOnPending {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// Don't reset if budget was unconstrained or if we made progress.
// They are both represented as the remembered budget being unconstrained.
let budget = self.0.get();
if !budget.is_unconstrained() {
let _ = context::budget(|cell| {
cell.set(budget);
});
}
}
}
/// Returns `Poll::Pending` if the current task has exceeded its budget and should yield.
///
/// When you call this method, the current budget is decremented. However, to ensure that
/// progress is made every time a task is polled, the budget is automatically restored to its
/// former value if the returned `RestoreOnPending` is dropped. It is the caller's
/// responsibility to call `RestoreOnPending::made_progress` if it made progress, to ensure
/// that the budget empties appropriately.
///
/// Note that `RestoreOnPending` restores the budget **as it was before `poll_proceed`**.
/// Therefore, if the budget is _further_ adjusted between when `poll_proceed` returns and
/// `RestRestoreOnPending` is dropped, those adjustments are erased unless the caller indicates
/// that progress was made.
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn poll_proceed(cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<RestoreOnPending> {
context::budget(|cell| {
let mut budget = cell.get();
let decrement = budget.decrement();
if decrement.success {
let restore = RestoreOnPending(Cell::new(cell.get()));
cell.set(budget);
// avoid double counting
if decrement.hit_zero {
inc_budget_forced_yield_count();
}
Poll::Ready(restore)
} else {
cx.waker().wake_by_ref();
Poll::Pending
}
}).unwrap_or(Poll::Ready(RestoreOnPending(Cell::new(Budget::unconstrained()))))
}
cfg_rt! {
cfg_unstable_metrics! {
#[inline(always)]
fn inc_budget_forced_yield_count() {
let _ = context::with_current(|handle| {
handle.scheduler_metrics().inc_budget_forced_yield_count();
});
}
}
cfg_not_unstable_metrics! {
#[inline(always)]
fn inc_budget_forced_yield_count() {}
}
}
cfg_not_rt! {
#[inline(always)]
fn inc_budget_forced_yield_count() {}
}
impl Budget {
/// Decrements the budget. Returns `true` if successful. Decrementing fails
/// when there is not enough remaining budget.
fn decrement(&mut self) -> BudgetDecrement {
if let Some(num) = &mut self.0 {
if *num > 0 {
*num -= 1;
let hit_zero = *num == 0;
BudgetDecrement { success: true, hit_zero }
} else {
BudgetDecrement { success: false, hit_zero: false }
}
} else {
BudgetDecrement { success: true, hit_zero: false }
}
}
fn is_unconstrained(self) -> bool {
self.0.is_none()
}
}
}
#[cfg(all(test, not(loom)))]
mod test {
use super::*;
#[cfg(all(target_family = "wasm", not(target_os = "wasi")))]
use wasm_bindgen_test::wasm_bindgen_test as test;
fn get() -> Budget {
context::budget(|cell| cell.get()).unwrap_or(Budget::unconstrained())
}
#[test]
fn budgeting() {
use futures::future::poll_fn;
use tokio_test::*;
assert!(get().0.is_none());
let coop = assert_ready!(task::spawn(()).enter(|cx, _| poll_proceed(cx)));
assert!(get().0.is_none());
drop(coop);
assert!(get().0.is_none());
budget(|| {
assert_eq!(get().0, Budget::initial().0);
let coop = assert_ready!(task::spawn(()).enter(|cx, _| poll_proceed(cx)));
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 1);
drop(coop);
// we didn't make progress
assert_eq!(get().0, Budget::initial().0);
let coop = assert_ready!(task::spawn(()).enter(|cx, _| poll_proceed(cx)));
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 1);
coop.made_progress();
drop(coop);
// we _did_ make progress
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 1);
let coop = assert_ready!(task::spawn(()).enter(|cx, _| poll_proceed(cx)));
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 2);
coop.made_progress();
drop(coop);
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 2);
budget(|| {
assert_eq!(get().0, Budget::initial().0);
let coop = assert_ready!(task::spawn(()).enter(|cx, _| poll_proceed(cx)));
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 1);
coop.made_progress();
drop(coop);
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 1);
});
assert_eq!(get().0.unwrap(), Budget::initial().0.unwrap() - 2);
});
assert!(get().0.is_none());
budget(|| {
let n = get().0.unwrap();
for _ in 0..n {
let coop = assert_ready!(task::spawn(()).enter(|cx, _| poll_proceed(cx)));
coop.made_progress();
}
let mut task = task::spawn(poll_fn(|cx| {
let coop = ready!(poll_proceed(cx));
coop.made_progress();
Poll::Ready(())
}));
assert_pending!(task.poll());
});
}
}